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Helping Youth Avoid Risky Behavior: Family-Based Program
Children"s behavior is determined, in part, by their genes and by the settings in which they develop. A new longitudinal study describes how a family-based prevention program helped rural African American teens avoid engaging in risky behaviors, even if some of them may have had a genetic risk to do so.
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Identification Of Brain's Center For Perceiving 3-D Motion
Ducking a punch or a thrown spear calls for the power of the human brain to process 3-D motion, and to perceive an object (whether it"s offensive or not) moving in three dimensions is critical to survival. It also leads to a lot of fun at 3-D movies.
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'New And Improved Antiabortion Movement' Still Ignores Needs Of Women, Salon Opinion Piece States
A "new set of antiabortion actors" who are "anti-war, anti-capital punishment, pro-environment "pro-lifers"" have "emerged as the face of a new and improved antiabortion movement," Salon columnist Frances Kissling writes. Although these advocates supported President Obama in the 2008 election, they "suffer from the same lack of understanding of women"s nature and identity as do old-line anti-abortionists," Kissling writes. She notes that this group has "already decided that a political effort to make abortion illegal is hopeless, which helps the pro-choice cause." According to Kissling, "Taking legality off the table" increases the prospects for "rational public discourse about all the factors at play in women"s decisions not to continue pregnancy and not to become mothers," but "[w]e are ... far from common ground between the new anti-abortionists and the pro-choice advocates."Members of this new group believe that data suggesting that many women decide to have abortions for financial reasons prove that "better economic support" for pregnant women "will result in more continued pregnancies and more women embracing motherhood," Kissling writes. In addition, they "assert that if adoption policies were friendlier," more women would choose adoption over abortion, according to Kissling. "But facts have little place in their strategy," as the policies they support "are already in place in much of Europe," and "few women who face unintended pregnancies in those countries opt out of abortion," Kissling writes. She adds, "Something much deeper influences a woman"s decision about what to do when she is pregnant and does not want to become a mother -- and the new anti-choicers don"t seem to have a clue about what this might be." For this group, "the outcome [of pregnancy] -- the new person -- is obviously so much more valuable than whatever short-term loss or pain the women might experience," Kissling writes. Therefore, they believe it is "not asking much of a woman who faces an unwanted, difficult or unintended pregnancy to shift the plan she had for this time in her life and continue the pregnancy," according to Kissling.Kissling lists four "positions taken by the new antiabortionists [that] illuminate this flawed thinking." The first is "[d]enying the "need" for abortion," she writes. Secondly, their "same sense of pregnancy as no big deal influences the new antiabortionists" unwillingness to embrace contraception," Kissling says. She adds that "[i]f we really understood what it meant for women to consent to becoming mothers, we would want them to be able to meet their moral obligation to their own identity by avoiding becoming pregnant." The third position is an attempt to make "sex sacred," Kissling writes, adding that if "creating new life is sacred, then we want men and women to have the tools necessary to fulfill the obligation to create life responsibly and not create it when they cannot -- or choose not to -- bring it to fruition." The fourth position is "[r]edefining adoption," Kissling continues. She asks whether adoption is "now a process of finding children for needy parents," adding, "Might it not be more generous of us as a society to work harder to make it possible for women to keep their children if they so wish?"Kissling writes that the "challenge to the new antiabortionists" is whether "women"s perspectives on the meaning of pregnancy and motherhood will be considered in their project" or if "their ethical frame will remain focused on the fetus." She asks, "How many of these women"s decisions will the new antiabortionists be able to say "yes" to?" Kissling concludes, "So far it seems that it is far more than abortion that is a stumbling block to common ground" (Kissling, Salon, 7/20).
Public Health

AMT Receives EMEA Orphan Drug Designation For Acute Intermittent Porphyria

Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics (Euronext: AMT), a leader in the field of human gene therapy, announced that the European Medicines Agency has granted Orphan Drug Designation to AMT"s gene therapy product AMT-021 for the treatment of acute intermittent porphyria (AIP). Orphan Drug Designation for AIP entitles AMT to ten year market exclusivity in Europe following marketing approval for AMT-021 if this product candidate is the first new drug with a major medical benefit receiving marketing approval for the European Union. The designation also provides for special benefits, including research support, eligibility for protocol assistance and possible exemptions or reductions in certain regulatory fees during development or at the time of application for marketing approval. "We are proud to have received this Orphan Drug Designation for the treatment of acute intermittent porphyria," said Sander van Deventer, Chief Executive Officer of AMT. "This designation is an important step in the development of a treatment for this seriously debilitating and potentially lethal disease." About Acute Intermittent Porphyria Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare genetic disease in which mutations in the PBGD gene result in insufficient activity of a protein necessary for the synthesis of heme. This leads to an accumulation of toxic intermediate metabolites resulting in a wide variety of problems including acute, severe abdominal pains, psychiatric, neurologic illnesses, and muscular weakness. Long-term consequences may be irreversible nerve damage, liver cancer and kidney failure. Acute porphyric attacks can be life-threatening. AIP affects 1 per 10.000 people in the European Union. Currently available therapies do not prevent the symptoms and consequences of acute porphyric attacks. AMT has demonstrated that its product, AMT-021, results in normalization of the PBGD protein in an animal model of AIP. In this model, the therapy completely prevented the occurrence of attacks and significantly ameliorated the neuropathy that develops in untreated mice. AMT-021 is intended to provide long-term normalization of the PBGD protein in order to prevent acute porphyric attacks and their complications. About Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics AMT has a unique gene therapy platform that to date appears to circumvent many if not all of the obstacles that have prevented gene therapy from becoming a mainstay of clinical medicine. Using adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors as the delivery vehicle of choice for therapeutic genes, the company has been able to design and validate what is probably the first stable and scalable AAV production platform. As such, AMT"s proprietary platform holds tremendous promise for thousands of rare (orphan) diseases, especially those that are caused by one faulty gene. Currently, AMT has a product pipeline with nine products at different stages of development. Certain statements in this press release are "forward-looking statements" including those that refer to management"s plans and expectations for future operations, prospects and financial condition. Words such as "strategy," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "will," "continues," "estimates," "intends," "projects," "goals," "targets" and other words of similar meaning are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Such statements are based on the current expectations of the management of Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics only. Undue reliance should not be placed on these statements because, by their nature, they are subject to known and unknown risks and can be affected by factors that are beyond the control of AMT. Actual results could differ materially from current expectations due to a number of factors and uncertainties affecting AMT"s business, including, but not limited to, the timely commencement and success of AMT"s clinical trials and research endeavors, delays in receiving U.S. Food and Drug Administration or other regulatory approvals (i.e. EMEA, Health Canada), market acceptance of AMT"s products, effectiveness of AMT"s marketing and sales efforts, development of competing therapies and/or technologies, the terms of any future strategic alliances, the need for additional capital, the inability to obtain, or meet, conditions imposed for required governmental and regulatory approvals and consents. AMT expressly disclaims any intent or obligation to update these forward-looking statements except as required by law. For a more detailed description of the risk factors and uncertainties affecting AMT, refer to the prospectus of AMT"s initial public offering on June 20, 2007, and AMT"s public announcements made from time to time. Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics B.V


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